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Cervical cancer screening is crucial for early detection and prevention of cervical cancer. Here are five important things to know:

1. Importance of Regular Screening: Regular cervical cancer screening can detect abnormal cells in the cervix before they turn into cancer. Early detection allows for early treatment, significantly reducing the risk of developing cervical cancer.

2. Types of Screening Tests: The two main screening tests for cervical cancer are the Pap test (or Pap smear) and the HPV (human papillomavirus) test. The Pap test checks for precancerous or cancerous cells on the cervix, while the HPV test detects the presence of high-risk HPV types that are associated with cervical cancer.

3. Recommended Screening Guidelines: Most guidelines recommend that women start cervical cancer screening at age 21 with a Pap test every three years. From age 30 to 65, women can choose to continue with a Pap test every three years, an HPV test every five years, or a combination of both (co-testing) every five years.

4. HPV and Cervical Cancer: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of cervical cancer. Most sexually active people will contract HPV at some point, but the infection often clears on its own. Persistent infection with high-risk HPV types can lead to cervical cancer, making HPV testing a key part of screening.

5. Follow-Up After Abnormal Results: If screening results are abnormal, further testing, such as a colposcopy or biopsy, may be required to determine the presence of precancerous or cancerous cells. Early treatment of abnormal cells can prevent the development of cervical cancer.

Regular cervical cancer screening and following the recommended guidelines are vital steps in protecting women’s health.