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Heart surgery is a major medical procedure that involves repairing or replacing parts of the heart. Here are five important things to know:

1. Types of Heart Surgery: Common types include coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), valve repair or replacement, and heart transplant. Each type addresses specific heart conditions, like blocked arteries or faulty valves.

2. Risks and Complications: Like all major surgeries, heart surgery carries risks, such as infection, blood clots, stroke, or heart attack. The risk level depends on the patient’s overall health, age, and the complexity of the surgery.

3. Recovery Process: Recovery from heart surgery can be lengthy and involves both physical and emotional healing. Patients may need to stay in the hospital for a few days to a week and continue with cardiac rehabilitation for several weeks or months afterward.

4. Lifestyle Changes Post-Surgery: After heart surgery, lifestyle changes are crucial to ensure long-term success. This includes a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, quitting smoking, and managing stress.

5. Technological Advances: Advances in heart surgery, such as minimally invasive techniques and robotic-assisted surgery, have made procedures less invasive, reducing recovery times and risks associated with traditional open-heart surgery.