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Belching, also known as burping or eructation, is the act of expelling gas from the stomach through the mouth. It is usually caused by swallowing air while eating, drinking, or talking, which then accumulates in the stomach and is released to relieve pressure.

Common Causes

1. Swallowed Air: Eating or drinking too quickly, chewing gum, or drinking carbonated beverages.
2. Dietary Factors: Consumption of gas-producing foods like beans, broccoli, cabbage, or fizzy drinks.
3. Medical Conditions:
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Acid reflux can lead to increased swallowing of air.
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Can cause bloating and excessive belching.
• Helicobacter pylori Infection: This bacterial infection in the stomach may increase belching.
4. Anxiety: Some people swallow air unconsciously when stressed or anxious.

When to Seek Medical Attention

• Persistent belching associated with pain, bloating, nausea, or heartburn.
• Belching accompanied by weight loss or difficulty swallowing.
• Signs of an underlying medical condition, such as GERD or a stomach ulcer.

Managing Belching

1. Behavioral Changes:
• Eat slowly and chew thoroughly.
• Avoid talking while eating.
• Avoid chewing gum and smoking.
2. Dietary Adjustments:
• Limit carbonated beverages and gas-producing foods.
• Identify and avoid specific triggers through a food diary.
3. Medical Treatments:
• Antacids or medications for acid reflux (e.g., proton pump inhibitors).
• Antibiotics for H. pylori infection.
• Consultation with a doctor for persistent or severe cases.